Introduction

Researchers know that the original idea remains intact during paraphrasing although some words become different. It ensures that the current author who is paraphrasing empirical content maintains individuality of writing style and uses original voices along side representation of the authentic ideas of the previous authors. Citations are provided at the end of paraphrase detects which signals that the content is original however the thought is derived from previous research works of other authors. The four R’s of paraphrasing are read, restate, recheck as well as repair. These steps are congruently and chronologically followed during practicing of paraphrasing (Ohtake and Yamamoto, 2003). Although students are always advised to do their own research from multiple sources to generate their own ideas and perceptions regarding dominant ideas, paraphrasing is a practice when students run out of time. While students are researching from a contextually relevant text they might need to represent the bulk of Idea from the same research paper which requires continuous paraphrasing of a text. During paraphrasing students should firstly keep in mind the element of rewording, followed by rearrangement as well as realise the potential and conference of the content with the additional and diary check for grammatical errors and similarity index of the student’s paper with the original paper.

4 R’s Of Paraphrasing

Global perception that 37% of students generally miss the A+ grade on account of poorly presented assignments alongside plagiarism issues. Plagiarism sometimes plays a greater role than the poor presentation element (Whatiswhatis.com. 2021). Therefore, it is a big question how students can represent fascinating facts and figures and other elementary ideas which they come across in the previous research works without risking the reputation of their own content. While citation and mentoring helps in authentication and validation of the data sources, it can make the content look highly committed and prosthetic. This is the reason why plagiarism factor also reduces the potential of research content. Paraphrasing is the one stop solution for all these problems. According to make my assignment experts the four elements of 4R’s of paraphrasing can be studied in this regard (Swarini, Bharati and Sutopo, 2018).

Read

Without understanding the message in a text it is not possible to read it specific portions from the text and justify the pre-existing meaning of the text at the same time. Therefore it is important to read and properly understand the credibility and significance of the content. It helps the person to rewrite the text keeping the originality and elementary ideas of the text in text even in the new format of the text. Some steps that can help students to do the same are discussed below. The first step is to choose a short quotation. It is better to avoid paraphrasing chunks of information at a time. To avoid falling into the plagiarism trap majority of students use paraphrasing tool. On the contrary, Hasibuan, Pulungan and Murni, (2021), consider that the student can extract the data from the content which primarily supports his or her own arguments in the most feasible fashion. Then the student should understand the relevance and then gradually condense the elementary ideas or opinion or information into his or her own rephrases the statement (Hafsa, 2021). In case of longer paragraph the student can write summary of the content that has been paraphrase to provide an overview of the original content in its entire form.

The next step is identification of the primary ideas which the student wants to represent in his or her own text. Having done the same the students should figure out the overall meaning of the entire quotation by checking how ideas have been supported in the original text. After taking detailed notes about the quotation the students can condense the notes to restructure their owner text with that information. Students should also have a comprehensive idea about when to paraphrase and when not (Fathi and Mahmood, 2020). As a students come across unusual facts which has otherwise been put about in a blunt way into the original text the students can extract the same fact and figure and use the same with creative use of words. During citation of the data paraphrasing would be the safest option while representing any facts of statistics. Paraphrasing can be used when multiple direct quotations having used in the text which might bring about the factor of plagiarism.

As discussed above it is also important to have an idea about when not to paraphrase. Coming to literary areas like poetry or dialogue or speech portions it is highly important to avoid paraphrasing. However if the student wants to maintain the original freezing of the author then it is better to go to the author then paraphrase the text of the author. It will help the student in preserving originality of meaning of the text and use the authority of the concerned writer over the topic to his or her advantage (West et al., 2020). For evidence if I am putting a book for rendering portions from the speech of a political leader I will be using the actual words within quotation marks and not paraphrase the content in this case.

Restate

After complete your understanding the text is the time to read the portion deeply. On that note, the student should remember that rewriting of sentences can easily spin the content without the notice of the student. It is true in case of blogging and writing study materials or even assignments. However there are some things that a student can do. The initial step of restating is using a different structure of writing. Simple use of synonyms and antonyms and a vocabulary of different words than the original quotation while paraphrasing are not enough. It can still be counted as plagiarism (Salim and Al-Dulaimy, 2019). On the contrary when the student rewrites the text they can include something original in spite of citing the exactly same or similar idea. It can be done by altering the sentence structure and using a different voice in the statement. The paraphrased version should sound similar however be different in structure. Students should we always watchful about the essence of the paraphrase detect. In order to preserve originality of the empirical text students should maintain the significance and meaning of the individual text also. Students should not manipulate and represent a quotation out of context with their own intention and cite the name of the author about it. Rendering a different meaning to the actual statement of the author might give a silver lining to the own argument of a student; however it would be highly unethical. The written text should depict the intention of the author however maintaining a viewpoint of the student in the preceding and following text sentences (Dubin, 2019). This is why it is also advised not to use our free paraphrasing tool and use the traditional format of a paraphrasing using these steps.

While restarting the original content it is better to avoid using quotations. While a student paraphrases any quotation they must write in their own words. In case if quotation marks are used around re structured sentences and the name of the author is decided at the end it can amounts to falsification of data which is a academic crime as well. Hence it is better to write the section as any other section in the text has been written.

Recheck

Rechecking is a very integral part of paraphrasing. A student is performing a certain part of the original text as it is crucial and significant for entering his own viewpoint or covering his manifesto in the text. Therefore if the student misses out important points of the original text while paraphrasing from the text, it will render zero significance to the students’ text (Sulistyaningrum, 2021). The elementary step of rechecking the original text to tally similarity of ideas is to tell the central idea of the original text of the empirical author in the first place. The students should repeatedly read original quotations and use read it in passages allowed for ensuring that the portions are conveying different words still the same meaning. The objective of the student is refreshing the content by its structure keeping the meaning in text so that they can avoid plagiarism. However the student should always read and recreate the meaning of both texts at a parallel to avoid losing sight of the original intent of the author. The final step of rechecking is revising to perfection. Revising the rephrased text, while checking both the authentic and the currently written texts on parallel basis, is very important. The students can seek help from university assignment help experts if they are not able to discern similarity or differences in the two texts (Ruslan et al., 2020). They can read the text and share how they feel about the latest version of the paraphrase text. All the some researchers suggest using the paraphrasing tool for rewriting from original quotations it is better not to do the same as it can create high risk of completely rendering a different meaning of the original text.

Repair

Only because the student paraphrase the part of the text does not signify that they need not give a citation and reference to the original source any longer. It is a part of authenticating and validating that the student of extracted ideas and opinions of another author and used the same in enriching his or her original content. The same is signified by citing the original source in the form of a non exhaustive reference list and in text citation of the name of the author and year of publication of the text. It is invincible that the student keeps these crucial points in mind during citation of the sources as follows. The first thing is to use the preferred style of in text citation and referencing. The student cannot simply use any citation source in the way they like (Suroso, 2019). They have to follow a particular pattern and style of citation and referencing. Some of the most preferred referencing styles are MLA referencing, Howard, APA and Chicago style of referencing. Based on the subject pursued by the students and the instructions from the professor the students would need to follow some delegated formatting regulations as well.

The students should also be mindful about not mixing up their blogging guidelines with their citing study materials. Followed by instructions of citation and referencing it is important for students to learn where they should decide in their own text. Most researchers say that citing the text immediately after the section is important. After the inclusion of a paraphrased passage it is important to immediately put citation in the right slot so that authentication of the data is done. It can be done by putting publication information within parenthesis (Hasibuan, Pulungan and Murni, 2021). For MLA citation the parenthetical citation should be consistent with the last name of the author and page numbers should follow. On the contrary in case of the APA style students would need to use the last name of the author along with the publication year. There are other guidelines for other popular citation and referencing styles as well. The students should have to insert footnote or a bibliography at the end. After citation of the different content using substitute number students is generally insert footnote at the bottom of the individual pages based on corresponding number of citations and pages. After intrusion of the source details in footnote it is important to include the entire publication information in the concerned bibliography page.

Conclusion

Paraphrasing can be perceived as recycling and repurposing of the principle idea of the content developed by a certain author and recapture at the same in individual and unique voice of the current author. While paraphrasing the current author takes the words of previous authors’ empirical content and Transformers the same into new content by transforming the sentences using figures of speech and other elementary prospects of English grammar to convey the exact same or almost similar idea. Therefore repurposing should also be perceived as an elementary conception of paraphrasing. To know more about paraphrasing take assistance from online assignment help Melbourne experts team of SourceEssay.

Reference List

Dubin, B., 2019. Complexity, Accuracy and Fluency: Improving Paraphrasing Skills Using Direct and Indirect Methods. STUDIES IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS, p.9.

Fathi, S.Y. and Mahmood, M.A., 2020. Paraphrasing as a Technique for Improving the Translation of Undergraduate Students of Translation. Adab AL Rafidayn, 50(82).

Hafsa, N.E., 2021. Plagiarism: A Global Phenomenon. Journal of Education and Practice, 12(3), pp.53-59.

Hasibuan, E.R., Pulungan, A.H. and Murni, S.M., REALIZATION OF INTERTEXTUALITY IN EDITORIALS OF PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 2019. LINGUISTIK TERAPAN, 18(1), pp.19-26.

Ohtake, K. and Yamamoto, K., 2003, October. Applicability analysis of corpus-derived paraphrases toward example-based paraphrasing. In Proceedings of the 17th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation (pp. 380-391).

Ruslan, I., Sunubi, A.H., Halidin, A. and Kaharuddin, A., 2020. Paraphrasing Technique To Develop Skill for English Writing Among Indonesian College Students of English. Sys Rev Pharm, 11(11), pp.291-297.

Salim, H.S. and Al-Dulaimy, A.S.I., 2019. Why and How to Paraphrase. Journal of Al-Frahedis Arts| مجلة آداب الفراهيدي, 11(38), pp.484-493.

Sulistyaningrum, S.D., 2021, June. Employing Online Paraphrasing Tools to Overcome Students’ Difficulties in Paraphrasing. In Stairs (Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 52-59).

Suroso, B., 2019. Teaching of prepositional relative clause: the need for paraphrasing skill to facilitate students in translation. In National Seminar of PBI (English Language Education) (pp. 436-443).

Swarini, A.R., Bharati, D.A.L. and Sutopo, D., 2018. THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’READING COMPREHENSION AND THEIR PARAPHRASING ABILITY IN NARRATIVE TEXT. In ELT Forum: Journal of English Language Teaching (Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 40-46).

West, P., Lu, X., Holtzman, A., Bhagavatula, C., Hwang, J. and Choi, Y., 2020. Reflective Decoding: Unsupervised Paraphrasing and Abductive Reasoning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.08566.

Whatiswhatis.com. 2021. The 4 R’s of Paraphrasing: Rephrase Text in Easy Steps (2021). Available at: https://www.whatiswhatis.com/paraphrasing-rephrase-text-easy-steps/ (Accessed: 11 January 2022).