Using sub-quality materials in construction can have a number of adverse effects on the environment. Sub quality materials are more likely to be discarded away because they might not be sufficiently strong to endure the pressures of construction or they might not adhere to the appropriate standards. These types of construction get collapsed in just a few years after the completion of the construction. Poorer materials are more prone to deteriorate or fail early, increasing the production of waste (Weh et al. 2020). These items frequently end up in landfills or incinerators when they are disposed. Sub quality materials must be disposed of properly to avoid contributing to landfill overcrowding, greenhouse gas emissions during combustion, and possible environmental contamination. Construction and demolition (C&D) waste is a significant environmental issue that could result from this. In addition to this, Sıcakyüz, (2023) stated that materials of poor quality could include hazardous contaminants like asbestos, lead, or mercury. These contaminants can harm people’s health as well as damage the air, water, and soil. Huge amounts of resources such as energy, water, and raw materials are required for the production of the Sub-quality materials. When compared to their higher-quality equivalents, lower-quality materials frequently have worse energy efficiency. For instance, poor insulation materials could not offer enough thermal resistance, resulting in higher heating or cooling energy costs. As more energy is needed to maintain pleasant interior conditions, this may lead to higher greenhouse gas emissions. This results in the depletion of natural resources. Exploitation of natural resources contribute to climate change (Choi et al. 2020). Therefore, the production of the sub quality materials is a harmful from every corner. The use of the materials degraded the quality of the constructions and this is also harmful for the environment. As the sub quality materials are less durable therefore than high-quality materials, therefore these are essential to replace more frequently. This increases the need for raw materials, energy, and water, which contributes to resource depletion and stresses ecosystems more. The frequent change and repair work increase the chances of waste production and also has a indirect environmental impact. As per the view of Ahmed et al. (2023) in addition to these negative environmental effects using low-quality materials can also result in safety risks since they might not be able to support the weight of persons or objects. Injuries or even death could result from this event. In order to reduce the environmental impact of construction projects, it is crucial to employ high-quality materials. High-quality materials are less likely to be wasted, more resilient, and have fewer dangerous contaminants. Additionally, they last longer, which helps lessen the need for replacement and waste. Due to the composition or design, low-quality materials could not be readily recyclable or might only have a few recycling choices (Borowy, 2019). This may reduce the amount of useful resources that may be recovered from waste streams, increasing the need for virgin materials and worsening the environmental effects of resource extraction.
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