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Speed plays an essential factor,
In the Kingdom of animals, speed plays an essential factor, especially for those who are being hunted or those who hunt. Medium-sized animals, in particular, often have the most amount of speed, which can range from 10 to even 100 km per hour. This phenomenon often comes with not only remarkable speed but also an immense level of agility. But how do they perform these feats?
Generally, medium-sized animals often possess an ideal amount of mass to body weight ratio. Similar to how rockets work, if you have too much fuel, the rocket will require more fuel to propel itself. This idea applies to the animal kingdom as well, particularly medium-sized animals.
The fastest animals on land
Cheetahs often have the best mass to body weight ratio for speed, where there is a balance that allows for powerful muscles that can perform while also being light enough to allow this level of speed. Cheetahs, for example, are an example of this; they only weigh around 50 kilograms, which is less than an adult male, but they are the fastest animals on land. They are capable of reaching speeds of up to 113 kilometers per hour. Their lean body frame, combined with their muscles that are just built for speed, contributes to their incredible velocity.
They can accelerate at a really good speed, but they do lack an essential muscle to totally kill their prey, as they often rely on their prize to get tired, and then they will slowly pounce on them.
Their high-speed movement
Energy efficiency is also a substantial aspect. Medium-sized animals have a better speed compared to others due to their metabolic rate, which often supports their high-speed movement. Small animals can be agile but often cannot handle this speed due to their metabolic rates and limited energy. Similar to muscle and body structure, efficiency in medium-sized animals is also a perfect balance to maintain their speed and agility over a long distance.
Compared to animals that are smaller and bigger, smaller animals cannot often run continuously for a longer duration.

Maintain this high speed over long distances
In comparison to their peers that are medium-sized animals, cheetahs, for example, have an aerodynamic body shape. The shape of medium-sized animals is often exemplary, streamlined, and air-resistant, allowing them to not only move faster but also sustain that speed for a longer duration.
However, they should also not be weighed down by the aerodynamics of their body. For example, the antelope called the pronghorn antelope is a sleek-bodied, long-legged creature that can run at speeds of up to 88 kilometres per hour, and they often maintain this high speed over long distances.
Enhance the animal’s ability to do smaller slides
Blimp proposition and local machine locomotion refer to the emotion. Limb proposition refers to how a limb is positioned for movement. Often, limb proposition optimizes their strides, which is how far they can stride. Longer rail limbs mean they will have an increased stride length, while powerful muscles mean that.,They will have more frequencies. Longer legs refer to jumping and striding higher, while stronger muscles will enhance the animal’s ability to do smaller slides at a faster pace, like the Greyhounds.
Often referred to as a medium-sized dog, the grey is the core exemplifier of this concept. With its long legs and quite flexible spine, it allows it to cover ground at around the speed of 72 km per hour. Moving over to the predator and prey dynamics, each medium-sized animal will have its speed, which can be essential for not only hunting.
Favorable for survival and reproduction
Thereafter, the evasion of bread by other predators, for example, the African Wild Dog, often relies on their speed and endurance to chase their prey, while the prey, which is usually impalas, use their agility and speed to escape. This is basically a simple case of an evolutionary arms race between two developing species side by side, especially the development of speed in medium-sized animals. This dynamic exists between the predator and prey, as seen in cheetahs and impalas.
Natural selection and evolutionary pressure often favor medium-sized animals that can achieve higher speeds because it is favorable for survival and reproduction. Due to their high speeds and agility, they can evade predators and hunt their necessary prey, such as cheetahs. These high-speed animals often pass on and reproduce their genes.
Result of evolutionary pressure
This means that in evolutionary terms, animals, especially those with medium eyesight, are often favored for their high speeds.
Therefore, they develop certain abilities and non-technical skills, allowing them to gradually change, evolve, and enhance their speed. This is a result of evolutionary pressure, as I mentioned in the race between Impala and wild dogs. While smaller animals often try to hide, larger animals rely on strength. Medium-sized animals need to possess strength not only for hunting or attractiveness but also for survival.